INNOVATIVE SPECIAL TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT AND INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CONDUCTING SPECIFIC CRIMINAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to formulate theoretical provisions and practical recommendations regarding the use
of innovative special technical equipment and innovative methodology for conducting separate forensic investigations.
Methodology. The reliability of the obtained results and conclusions is ensured by the use of general scientific
(empirical and theoretical) and special research methods. Thus, in particular, scientific and informational sources were
characterized by the subject of the study using general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization)
and the level of sufficiency of profile information in them for the realization of the set goal was clarified. With the help
of empirical and special research methods, the constructive parameters of the proposed means were determined. The
systematic approach to conducting the research ensured its comprehensive nature and made it possible to combine
individual research results (according to the methodology of explosive research and photo fixation of the objects
under investigation) into a single whole. The scientific novelty consists in the initiation of promising directions for the
further development of innovative special technical equipment and innovative methodology for conducting separate
forensic investigations in the context of the creation of special technical means for conducting forensic investigations
and the development of the methodology for the use of modern software products of the CAD system in determining
the technical characteristics of short-bladed objects, a new methodology for using UAVS on blast sites during research
during the execution of forensic explosive examinations and photo and video surveillance methodology during the
research of objects. Conclusions. The peculiarities of the use of the proposed innovative special technical equipment
and the innovative methodology of conducting separate forensic investigations are disclosed. At the same time, the
parameters of special constructions of technical equipment for carrying out expert studies during the preparation and
appointment of forensic examinations within the framework of the investigation of criminal offenses, the development
of the methodology of their conduct, are substantiated. Some possibilities and main advantages of the proposed
innovative special technical equipment and innovative methodology for conducting separate forensic investigations
using modern computer technologies are highlighted, namely: the design of the device for static tests of short-blade
weapons, which thanks to the watch-type indicator IR-25 kl. And GOST 577-68 adds convenience in measuring
the deflection and residual deformation of short-bladed cold weapons, allows to increase the accuracy of measuring
characteristics during static experimental studies to establish the suitability of short-bladed objects for hitting a target;
the method using special equipment for photography and computer equipment for measuring the angles of bladed
cold weapons makes it possible to reduce the influence of subjective factors when measuring the parameters of the
object under study and increase the accuracy of the measurement; a special device for remote activation of rocket
launchers allows for safe and effective remote activation of rocket launchers in order to safely establish their ability
to fire; the design of a special device for activating hand grenades and their detonators prevents the negative impact
of explosion factors on the design elements of the device, thereby achieving a minimal risk to the lives of explosive
technicians; the method and special equipment of video surveillance during the object research process confirms the
reliability of the expert’s conclusion, screenshots simplify and speed up the preparation of the expert’s conclusion, and
the research of photo fixation of trace information of traceological origin proves the possibility of obtaining a high
quality digital image of the entire surface of the object for further analysis by an expert; the method of using UAVS
at blasting sites during expert experiments in the performance of forensic explosives examinations allows to reduce
the number of people involved in the research, as well as to significantly reduce the time of their conduct, makes it
possible to comprehensively record the stages of the research and significantly reduces the risk factors of injury or
death of personnel.