CLASSIFICATION OF CARTRIDGES OF TRAUMATIC (NON-LETHAL) ACTION BY THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURE (EQUIPMENT) AND FEATURES OF THEIR RESEARCHIN ADDRESSING THE ISSUE OF ILLICIT TRAFFICKING IN AMMUNITION

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate the need to improve the classification of cartridges
according to the method of their equipment, as well as highlight the problems of expert research on the method
of manufacturing traumatic (non-lethal) cartridges, and provide suggestions for their solution. Methodology.
The methodological basis of the studied problems is the dialectical method. Various general and special methods
of scientific knowledge were used, including formal-logical methods: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction –
to identify signs of ammunition, which is the basis of their classification, to determine ways to equip cartridges of
traumatic (non-lethal) action. The comparative method was used to determine the characteristics of different types of
cartridges; the system-structural method determines the classification groups of ammunition according to the method
of their equipment. Scientific novelty. A proposal has been made during the examination of cartridges of traumatic
(non-lethal) action to decide on the method of loading cartridges, and not on the method of their manufacture. The
classification of cartridges according to the way they are loaded has also been improved. Conclusions. It has been
established that in the study of cartridges of traumatic (non-lethal) action, the problem of determining the method
of their manufacture (equipment) becomes acute, namely, when cartridges equipped with elastic shells of traumatic
(non-lethal) action are unreasonably recognized by experts as ammunition for short-barreled smooth-bore weapons.
It has been proven that when conducting an examination, when deciding on the method of manufacturing cartridges
of traumatic (non-lethal) action, it is necessary to decide on the method of their equipment, and not manufacturing.
Taking into account the design features of cartridges of traumatic (non-lethal) action, as well as their manufacture,
the classification of cartridges according to the methods of their equipment has been improved: industrial method;
using modern equipment – cartridge assembly devices; do-it-yourself method. The need to improve the legislation of
Ukraine was stated, given that, on the one hand, there is a ban on the illegal manufacture (equipment) of cartridges,
and on the other hand, there are no restrictions on devices for their home-made manufacture (equipment).