ON THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE METHOD OF GEMOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COLORED STONES IN FORENSIC GEMOLOGICAL EXAMINATION

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of the method of gemological evaluation of colored stones for
promising application in the theory and practice of forensic gemological examination. Methodology. The reliability
of the obtained results and conclusions is the result of the application of a set of methods of scientific knowledge. The
method of system-structural analysis allowed to study the norms of domestic legislation governing the extraction,
production and use of gemstones, control over operations with it and the rules of its certification, to make a number
of critical remarks, including the role of the state in this area. Using the methods of scientific abstraction, induction,
deduction, modeling, the expert tasks of forensic gemological examination are characterized and their essence is
revealed. The use of statistical, mathematical, physical and other special research methods allowed to identify and
propose stages of research of colored stones within forensic gemological examination, taking into account its physical-technological and decorative properties, as well as design and processing technology, to evaluate gemstones. Scientific novelty. The natural interrelation between identification, diagnostic, technological, situational and cost expert
tasks, and also stages of research within gemological estimation of colored stones is revealed and proved: diagnostics,
design, processing, estimation. Conclusions. The legal framework in the field of regulation of extraction, production
and use of gemstones, control over operations with it and its certification is analyzed. The need to strengthen the role
of the state in the regulation and control of economic activity in the field of precious and semi-precious stones was emphasized. The expert tasks of forensic gemological examination are outlined and classified as identification, diagnostic,
technological, situational, cost. The essence of expert tasks through the components of the method of gemological
evaluation of colored stones is revealed. At the same time, the emphasis is on the special relevance of determining
the value of gemstones by individual (author's) algorithm. A method of gemological evaluation of colored stones is
proposed, which initiated four stages of research: calibration of properties, design, based on the results of calibration
of properties, technological process (technological processing), cost evaluation. The modern possibilities of using the
conclusions of forensic gemological examinations in the investigation of crimes are highlighted. Proposals for improving the legislation of Ukraine in the context of the subject of research have been formulated.