POTENTIAL OF A SPORO-POLLEN ANALYSIS DURING FORENSIC SOIL EXAMINATIONS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to obtain new results in the form of scientific conclusions due to the possibilities of the spores and pollen analysis method in establishing within forensic soil examination the affiliation of layers on contaminated objects to a specific local area. Methodology. The reliability of the obtained results and conclusions is ensured by a comprehensive approach to the use of the following research methods: empirical (description, measurement, comparison, experiment), general-logic (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special (biological, mathematical, statistical). The use of these methods made it possible to conduct a thorough microscopic examination of soil samples using the spores and pollen analysis method and to draw conclusions about the genus and group affiliation of the compared samples, thus confirming the method's ability to solve such problems. Scientific novelty. The possibility of using the spores and pollen analysis method to establish the affiliation of layers on contaminated objects to a specific local area issubstantiated and experimentally confirmed. Conclusions. In the course of the research, it proved that pollen and spores of plants alongside with a complex of soil features can be used as an informative indicator while solving the tasks of forensic soil examination. According to the results of the microscopic examination of soil samples from the shovel and from the scene, the based on which the problems of their similarity will be solved. The results of microscopic study of soil samples from the shovel and from the scene revealed features of the composition of palynoflora and the percentage of components of spore-pollen spectra of samples, which allowed to identify a number of important indicators on the basis of which the problem of their similarity can be solved. The composition and quantitative content of taxa of the main plants groups (trees, shrubs and grasses, as well as spore plants) in soil samples were determined, the percentage ratio of pollen and spores of these plants groups in the total composition of the spectra of the researched samples was calculated, statistical results were processed, which allowed to conclude their general genus and group affiliation. peculiarities of the composition of palynoflora and the percentage content of components of the spores and pollen spectra of the samples were revealed. This allowed the authors to highlight a number of important indicators